Nowadays used in cutting of many materials laser cuttingis an advantageous process with speed and high accuracy. The fastest and most modern energy sources are laser beams. "Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation". external pump source, active laser means and resonator components. Now let's explain how the laser cutting process handles and what materials are used for.

Laser Cutting Procedure

As soon as the laser beam hits the surface of the material to be cut, the surface starts to heat up quickly. The heating is so fast that the material melts or evaporates completely. As soon as the laser beam is processed into the material, cutting is started. The laser system used separates the material as desired by following the material geometry.

The laser pump source first directs the external energy to the laser. The laser means comprises a gas mixture, a crystal body and or glass fibers. When energy is sent to the laser means, the laser means emits energy in the form of radiation. An active laser tool and laser light are used in many areas, mainly in material cutting and processing.

The laser light that strikes the surface of the material is absorbed by the material and the material heats up. The resulting heat can vaporize the material or allow the material to be processed. In the quality of the cutting process parameters such as notch width, material edge surface roughness, slag amount, tolerance control and flatness are important.

Laser Cutting Process

The laser beam focuses vertically on the material to be cut. The cutting process takes place by giving auxiliary gas from the cutting head located between the laser focus lens and the material to be cut. The laser light and auxiliary gas melt the portion in the focusing region and perform the cutting process. Due to the heat generated during cutting, the material to be cut becomes molten. This melting is called laser cutting. The laser light acts as a heat source during the cutting process.

As the material thickness increases, the angle of the laser light on the material loses its steepness and becomes slightly curved. The slag and surface roughness after cutting are directly proportional to the material structure and cutting parameters. The power of the laser, the focal position and the auxiliary gas pressure are the parameters that affect the height of the trash.

Laser cutting takes place by melting the material. Pre-warming occurs at the first contact of the laser light and the material. The heating proceeds into the material and melting occurs at the top of the material. The molten parts allow the material to become fluid and separate.

Laser Advantage in Cutting Process

 * There are many advantages of using laser in the cutting process.

 * All kinds of organic and inorganic materials can be cut perfectly by laser.

 * No need to process after laser cutting.

 * Material of any geometric shape is cut with high accuracy.

 * Laser cutting machines do not experience wear or blinding after use. As the material head does not become blind, long-term savings are achieved.

 * Enables the most efficient use of materials.

 * Minimum fire rates reduce costs.

 * The cut is made without contact, so a ready-to-install product is obtained.

 * There is no burr and heat-induced roughness on the cut panel or surface.

 * Easy to operate, low cost.

 * No crushing or distortion occurs during cutting.

 * As a design offers a much more flexible work.

Oxygen is used as auxiliary gas in laser cutting of carbon steel. Oxygen reacts with iron, increasing its efficiency by doubling its melting power. Thus, the molten material is separated more easily.

Oxygen or nitrogen is used as auxiliary gas in stainless steel. Oxygen causes an oxide layer on the cutting edges. If nitrogen is used, oxide layer formation is prevented.